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Laxatives can have serious side effects, what you have to watch out for:
Serious
side effectsMinor side effects
When not to use laxatives and other warnings
Related Links
Serious side effects
Notify the health care provider as soon as possible if any of these
symptoms occur:
- burning on urination
- excessive thirst
- muscle cramps
- paralysis
- pink or red colored alkaline urine and stools (phenolphthalein)
- red to violet, red to brown, or pink to red, colored alkaline urine (senna,
cascara, and/or danthron)
- yellow to brown colored acid urine (phenolphthalein, senna, and/or cascara)
- weakness
- respiratory
difficulty breathing
- eyes, ears, nose, and throat
difficulty swallowing
- skin
itching
rash
- gastrointestinal blockage
- sudden changes in bowel habits that last longer than 2 weeks
- heart and blood vessels
irregular heartbeat
- nervous system
- confusion
- dizziness
- irritability
- lightheadedness
- unusual tiredness
Minor side effects
These effects need no attention unless they become annoying:
- increased thirst
- eyes, ears, nose, and throat irritation
- skin
irritation (rectal area)
- belching
- cramping
- diarrhea
- gas
- nausea
When not to use laxativesDo not take any laxatives if signs or symptoms of appendicitis, intestinal
blockage, or inflamed bowel are present.
Laxatives may become overused. Do not take for more than 1 week.
Do not take if not needed.
Do not take if a rash develops.
BREAST FEEDING
Laxatives that contain cascara, phenolphthalein, or danthron may pass into the
breast milk. The American Academy of
Pediatrics considers cascara and senna usually compatible with breast-feeding.
Ask your health care provider for advice
before using them if you are breast feeding.
DIABETES MELLITUS
Consult the ingredients before use as some contain sugar in various forms.
DISCONTINUING MEDICATION
Use only as long as necessary and never over a week unless instructed to do so
by the health care provider. Sometimes
the bulk laxatives or other laxatives are given on a long-term basis for certain
medical conditions.
ELDERLY
The elderly have possible increased risk of side effects. Some elderly have a
tendency to overuse laxatives. As a person
ages, the body systems start to slow down. What was a normal bowel pattern in
youth may not be normal in older age.
Do not use laxatives to maintain this youthful bowel pattern. A bowel motion
every 2 days is ok!
FOODS
Proper diet and exercise is important to prevent constipation. Roughage such as
grain, breads and cereals, bran,
leafy green vegetables, and fruit are an important part of a balanced diet.
Fluids are also important and 6 to 8
glasses of liquid should be consumed each day.
Constipation may be made worse by eating such foods as sugar, candy,
puddings, pastries, cake, and cheese.
If on a special diet, such as low sugar or low sodium, check the ingredients in
the laxatives, because some of them
contain sugar and or sodium.
INFANTS AND CHILDREN
Consult a health care provider before giving a laxative to a child less than 6
years old. Mineral oil or bisacodyl should not be used in children less than 6
unless otherwise directed.
PREGNANCY
Do not use mineral oil or caster oil during pregnancy.
Some stimulant laxatives may cause unwanted effects in the mother if incorrectly
used.
If kidney function is not normal, do not take laxatives containing magnesium,
potassium, or phosphates.
Some laxatives contain sugar or sodium, which may cause problems during
pregnancy.
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